TheNewsGuru

Tag: Shiite

  • Court frees 9 Shi’ites members in detention

    Court frees 9 Shi’ites members in detention

    The Kaduna State High Court has freed nine members of the Sheikh Zakzaky led Islamic Movement in Nigeria (IMN) also known as Shiites arrested following the proscription order by the Kaduna State Government in 2016.

    The nine shi’ites members, including two women, were arrested precisely three years ago while on their way to attend the Islamic religious rite of Ashura mourning in Kaduna and have been in detention since 2016.

    Justice Shiri Nyom discharged and acquitted the sect members of the charges levelled against them, a statement by the President Media Forum of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria, Ibrahim Musa stated.

    According to the statement, Justice Nyoms, said the prosecution didn’t prove any of the charges against any of those standing trial.

    The group noted that the judgement added to the number of landmark cases in which the government had failed to convict any member of its members for any crime in various courts across the country since the Zaria massacre of December 2015.

    It added that so far, hundreds of members of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria have been discharged and acquitted for alleged crimes including that of culpable homicide among others after proper trials in courts.

    According to the Movement, since the persecution of the members of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria led by Sheikh Ibraheem Zakzaky commenced, the High Courts in Kaduna and Sokoto, as well as the Court of Appeal have discharged and acquitted 309 members of the Islamic Movement and dismissed the frivolous charges brought against them.

    “Today, exactly a week ago the Kaduna State High Court presided by Justice Nyoms has discharged and acquitted 9 members of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria arrested precisely three years ago while on their way to attend the Islamic religious rite of Ashura mourning in Kaduna.

    “All the nine, including two women, stood trial in the Kaduna State High Court since September 2016.

    “They were accused of being members of the Islamic Movement, unlawful assembly and intent to disturb the public among others.

    Read Also; FIRS: Court dismisses suit against Fowler’s tenure
    “On 2nd July of 2015 the Sokoto Judicial Division – Court of Appeal – has discharged and acquitted 112 members of the Islamic Movement of any offense.

    “On Tuesday 30/07/2018 Justice David Shiri Wyom at the Kaduna State High Court cleared over 80 Shiite supporters of the Islamic Movement of criminal charges linked to a violent protest in 2015.

    “He ruled in favour of the defence’s no case submission, saying that the state did not present enough evidence to go ahead with proceedings.”

    This, according to the IMN, “explains why the government has resorted to employing delay tactics in the prosecution of the remaining cases left in court, including the one trying the leader of the Islamic Movement, Sheikh Ibraheem Zakzaky through deliberate attempts at frustrating the legal team of the Islamic Movement, led by Mr. Femi Falana, SAN and Mr. Maxwell Kyon, who have so far successfully defended and won all the cases against the government.”

    The group also reiterated its call on the Federal and State Governments to withdraw the charges against El-Zakzaky and others standing trial, adding that toying with the lives of innocent citizens, remained an aberration in any democratic polity.

  • 31 killed, 100 wounded in stampede during Shiite Ashura

    31 killed, 100 wounded in stampede during Shiite Ashura

    The Iraqi health ministry said on Tuesday that 31 people had been killed and 100 others wounded in a stampede during Shiite Ashura celebrations in the city of Karbala.

    The ministry, said that 10 of the wounded were in serious condition.

    According to Iraq’s official news agency INA, medical and security sources said that the toll is likely to increase.

    Tens of thousands of Shiite Muslims converge on the holy city for the occasion, which marks the anniversary of the death of Imam Hussein, one of the grandsons of Prophet Mohammed.

    People marched through Karbala, whipping their backs and chests with chains and sobbing as blood covered their bodies and faces. Others tapped their chests in a steady rhythm.

    Millions of Shiites across Iraq are marking Ashura, which falls on the 10th of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar.

    The Iraqi government had declared Tuesday a national holiday and deployed thousands of army and police forces to keep the peace at the celebrations.

    Ashura is marked by Muslims to commemorate the day Moses was saved from the Egyptians.

    However, for Shiite Muslims the day has special significance, marking Hussein’s death at the Battle of Karbala in Iraq in 680 AD.

    The festival was banned in Iraq for years under dictator Saddam Hussein, who was ousted in 2003.

  • El-Zakzaky: Shiites release names of members killed, accuse Police of ‘holding 15 corpses’

    El-Zakzaky: Shiites release names of members killed, accuse Police of ‘holding 15 corpses’

    The Islamic Movement in Nigeria (IMN), popularly known as Shiites, has said security agencies are working hard to portray the sect as a terrorist organization.
    IMN in a press statement on Wednesday, signed by Sheikh Abdulhamid Bello noted that Buhari’s administration is bent on using all the force at its disposal, in stopping their march for the demand of justice and release of their leader, Sheikh Ibraheem Zakzaky.
    “However it seems some hawks in the Buhari administration are bent on using all the force at their disposal, in stopping our march for the demand of justice. For their information forceful means have never been a solution to any social demand for justice like our own,” he said.
    Sheikh Abdulhamid Bello added that the IMN wants a peaceful resolution of the crisis that has kept Sheikh Ibraheem Zakzaky in detention since 2015.
    He urged the international community and well-meaning Nigerians to mount pressure on the federal government to release their leader, “who is in dire need of urgent medical attention abroad.”
    He also revealed that fifteen corpses of its members are being held by the Nigerian police. “Yesterday we were able to conduct the Islamic funeral prayers on six of those known to us killed by the police.
    We firmly believe the police force is holding unto 15 corpses of the supporters of the Islamic Movement it killed on Monday.
    Those buried yesterday are: 1. Harisu Ibrahim Magaji from Darazo, Bauchi state. 2. Husaini Yahya Barwa from Soba, Kaduna state. 3. Ali Haidar Ibrahim Sulaiman from Toro, Bauchi state. 4. Dahiru Dogo from Kaduna, Kaduna state. 5. Batula Muhammad from Suleja, Niger state. 6. Abubakar Isma’il from Yola, Adamawa state,” he said, adding that “As of now, 15 seriously injured people, some of whom we took to Abuja University teaching hospital Gwagwalada, but the police snatched them by force on Monday 22/07/19 are languishing in the detention Centre of SARS, in Abbatoir Abuja, without any medical care. Among them are five women needing urgent medical attention.
    There is a ten year old boy in the detention facility, even though he has a bullet wound on his leg.
    In fact we learnt that two of the injured died yesterday because of their injuries. We demand that the authorities of SARS give us access to the wounded, so that we can attend to their medical needs.
    “Yesterday 23/07/19, we gathered at Banex Plaza to once again continue with our peaceful procession demanding the freedom of our Leader Sheikh Ibraheem Zakzaky, but a joint task force of security agents stormed the place in combat gear.
    They fired tear gas and live ammunition resulting in injuries to a lot of our supporters, with one unconfirmed report saying one person died of his injuries.”

  • Ex Lagos Commissioner of Police, Tsav condemns IMN’s killing of police, journalist in Abuja

    An ex-Commissioner of Police in Lagos State, Abubakar Tsav, has condemned the recent killing of FCT Deputy Police Commissioner Umar Umar and Channels TV reporter, Precious Owolabi during a violent protest by the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN) on Monday.
    Mr Umar and Owolabi, a serving corps member met their painful demise following a face off between the radical Shiite sect and police.
    Mr Tsav, who himself climbed through the ranks in the force, up to the level of Commissioner, says the constant attacks and killing of security personnel by the Sectarian extremists is utterly condemnable.
    In a statement signed by the ex- Commissioner, Public Complaints Commission, the latest assaults further has removed all doubts that the group is non-violent, as they now plant gunmen in their protests.
    Having examined gunshots that killed the DCP, other Nigerians and those seriously wounded in a previous attacks, Tsav concluded that these were not random shots.
    While urging the security agencies to change its tactics, the ex-Police Commissioner, however, advised the Federal Government to proscribe the group.
    Read full statement below:
    Monday’s killing of Deputy Commissioner of Police, Usman Umar and several other Nigerians in an attack by the Islamic Movement in Nigeria, IMN, has removed all doubts that the Shiite sectarian group is non-violent contrary to its claim. The attack in the Three Arms Zone, the heart of the Federal Government in Abuja, followed a new pattern of IMN planting gunmen in their protests in order to cause maximum mayhem.
    From a law enforcement perspective, the gunshots that killed the Deputy Commissioner of Police, other Nigerians and those seriously wounded in a previous attack when IMN extremists invaded the National Assembly were not random shots. The precision that resulted in such deaths and grievous injuries attests to the concerns earlier expressed by several stakeholders that IMN has a militant wing, whose members have received terrorist training.
    These recent attacks and killing of policemen is a harsh reminder of previous threats by IMN to bring the country to its knee when it decides to use arms and weapons in its protests. An IMN leader, Abdullahi Zango was reported in November 5, 2018 as saying “If we have weapons with us, Nigeria Army is too small to face us” yet some sections of the population continues to advocate for them to be treated with soft gloves.
    As a retired policeman who knows what sacrifice it takes to serve one’s fatherland and how one’s passion can propel one to serve even under the most dangerous situations, I condemn IMN’s resort to targeting policemen for assassination during their protests. It is a reprehensible tactics that is intended to scare the police into allowing IMN extremists overrun Abuja before going on to take over the entire country.
    Beyond condemnation, there is a need to send a strong message to IMN that it cannot go around killing policemen without repercussions. Their leader, whose release they are protesting for is not being held by the police but rather standing trial before a court in Kaduna state so there was no justification for them to begin killing policemen that are on legitimate duty without them being held to account.
    I urge the federal government and the Inspector General of the Police change their approach of not engaging these extremists since they have now made it clear that there is nothing peaceful about them. The government cannot continue to treat these acts of terrorism as mere criminal acts with the implication that the group’s members must be flushed out of Abuja, where they are reported to have established cells across the entire districts and satellite towns.
    The prescription is to take a preventive approach in addition to whatever mediatory efforts are going on. IMN cells in the Federal Capital Territory should be identified, the cells should be dismantled and their members arrested using warrants arising from the attacks already carried out in the city, and anyone caught engaged in violent acts in the city should be tried under the Terrorism Prevention Act.
    It is pertinent to warn those sympathizing with or supporting IMN to have a rethink since even the group itself has toned down on its claim to being peaceful; it has embraced wholesale terrorism such that the only clamour that should come from stakeholders is how to curtail the bloodthirsty rage of the IMN so that more policemen do not have to die needlessly because some sectarian extremists considers them less human.
    As I look forward to see far reaching actions from the federal government and the police leadership, I express my condolence to the families left bereaved by the IMN’s wanton acts of violence while whishing the wounded speedy recovery.

  • IMN members using terror, violence to subvert justice in ongoing trial of El- Zakzakky- CESJET

    The Centre for Social Justice, Equity and Transparency (CESJET) has decried the incessant protest being staged by members of the Islamic Movement in the Nigeria over the detention of their leader, Ibrahim El-Zakzaky.
    The centre said IMN members were using terror and violence to subvert justice in ongoing trial of El- Zakzakky.
    CESJET made this disclosure in a special report on the activities of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria that culminated in the inauguration of a Judicial Commission of Inquiry as well as the ongoing court proceedings involving its leader Ibrahim El-Zakzaky in Kaduna State.
    Isaac Ikpa, Executive Director of the group, who signed the report, it was indeed discovered that the activities of the IMN in Nigeria had constituted a threat to the sovereignty of the country through its actions that in most cases are against the constituted authorities
    The report below.
    The Centre for Social Justice, Equity and Transparency (CESJET) commissioned a report to look into the activities of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria (IMN) that led to the arrest and charging to court of its spiritual leader, Ibrahim El-Zakzaky, as well as critically examining judicial decisions, actions of the Federal government and the reason why El-Zakzaky hasn’t been released.
    CESJET having followed the chain of events closely from inception, commissioned the report in an attempt to leave the realm of speculation and present tangible facts in proper perspective as regards the ongoing trial of the spiritual leader of the IMN for members of the general public and other concerned stakeholders in Nigeria and elsewhere.
    The IMN is a Shi’ite religious and political organization whose leader, Ibrahim El-Zakzaky, has been a proponent of Shi’a Islam in Nigeria since the 1980s, calling for an Islamic revolution to create an Islamic state in Nigeria and end Western influence in the country. The IMN says it gets inspiration from Islamic Iran in its struggles and activities, but denies being funded by Iran.
    The IMN has had uneasy relations with the Nigerian authorities for decades, and its spiritual leader has been jailed several times by successive regimes, spending a total of nine years in prison since the mid-1980s, mostly accused of treason or civil disobedience. Successive Nigerian authorities have accused the IMN of disregarding the law and operating as a state within a state. Processions, demonstrations and other activities organized by the IMN, usually without obtaining the necessary permits and at times blocking public roads, have resulted in a confrontation with the Nigerian authorities and strained relations with other communities.
    In 2015, the convoy of the Chief of Army Staff was ambushed by members of the IMN sect during a procession in Zaria. The visible threat to the life of the Chief of Army Staff resulted in exchanges by the Nigerian Army and members of the sect, which eventually led to the arrest of its spiritual leader.
    A Commission of Enquiry was set up by the Kaduna State Government to look at the issues surrounding the clash between the Nigerian Army and the IMN, and consequently, the Kaduna state government relying on the findings of the Commission of Inquiry declared the IMN an Insurgent group. The government’s position was contained in a white paper released on the report of the Judicial Commission of Inquiry into the December 2015 clash, between soldiers and members of the IMN in Zaria.
    The white paper blamed the IMN for the clash and recommended the investigation and prosecution of any of its members found to have been involved in any form of human rights abuse since their existence in Zaria over 30 years ago. The government’s white paper, however, absolved the Nigerian army from any act of human right violation in the Zaria clash, insisting that the army abides by the rules of engagement.
    In a similar vein, the Kaduna State chapter of the Supreme Council for Sharia in Nigeria (SCSN) called on the Federal Government, to ban all activities of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria and prosecute their leader, Sheikh Ibrahim El-Zakzaky.
    Rising from their meeting in Kaduna, the group comprising of Islamic preachers and scholars, supported the indictment of the Shiites by the Judicial Commission of Inquiry set up by the Kaduna State government to investigate the December 2015 clash between the Shiites and soldiers in Zaria.
    The Muslim leaders maintained that the acts of impunity exhibited by the group over the years in Zaria and other states in Nigeria’s northern region were against the teachings of Islam and the Nigerian Constitution. They re-emphasized the urgent need to proscribe the Shiites for the interest of peace and security of Nigeria.
    Upon scrutiny of the report by CESJET, it was indeed discovered that the activities of the IMN in Nigeria had constituted a threat to the sovereignty of the country through its actions that in most cases are against the constituted authorities. The Judicial Commission of Inquiry highlighted this much set up by the Kaduna State government to unravel the remote cause of the clash between the Nigerian Army and the IMN.
    The outcome of our report also indicated that right from inception the IMN has the practice of radicalizing its members which have resulted in frequent clashes with constituted authorities in Zaria, its environs and many states across the country.
    The IMN has been steadfast and deliberate in widespread and frequent acts of lawlessness and defiance of constituted authorities including refusal to recognize the legitimacy, authority of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
    They devote their time, assets, money, and networks to the well-being and development of the Movement. Apart from member contributions, the IMN has access to international resources and assets from the Iranian government and some Lebanese businesses and networks in Nigeria.
    It was also discovered that the IMN had terrorized residents of Zaria (Gyallesu) for the past 40 years. According to Alhaji Saidu Garba, one of the elders of the Gyallesu area in Zaria, “after El-Zakzaky was released from detention in 1999, he came and settled in Gyallesu, and since then, there is no peace in our area. We thank Allah for touching the heart of government and the military for liberating us from Shiite’s untold hardship.”
    “Shiites killed many of our people who challenged their activities, we buried them, and we couldn’t talk to the world because of their threat. We were living like slaves in our land where the Shiite leader, Sheikh El-Zakzaky, came and met us. We residents of Gyallesu are calling on the Federal government to ban the Shiite movement in our community and Kaduna state as a whole. The government should put a stop to the Shiite’s ungodly activities in our area.”
    It was also discovered that Iran’s Quds Force and Lebanese Hezbollah have coordinated intelligence gathering on U.S. and Israeli targets in Nigeria and engaged in weapons and drug trafficking in West Africa with operatives drawn from the IMN. And this accounts for the bulk of the funding it receives for their activities in Nigeria.
    It was also discovered that the agenda of the Iranian Government in Nigeria towards the Muslim community had suffered setbacks since the detention and trial of Ibrahim El-Zakzaky. And they have covertly reached out to some highly placed members of the judiciary in Nigeria with enormous monetary incentives so Ibrahim El-Zakzaky could be discharged and acquitted of all the charges levelled against him.
    The report was also able to identify that some foreign network who are allies of the IMN have been covertly fuelling the recent resurgence of the violent activities of the IMN by channeling funds to the IMN leadership in Nigeria through their various businesses in Nigerian and the francophone countries to sustain their street protests across the country.
    The report further revealed a covert international lobby to mount pressure on the Nigerian government towards truncating the ongoing trial of the IMN spiritual leader Ibrahim El-Zarzaky for the reason that the allegations are weighty, and the possibility of the IMN spiritual leader getting discharged and acquitted are very slim given the multiple evidence of acts of terrorism against him and the IMN as a group.
    The Iranian government and other allies of the IMN are afraid that with the conviction of the IMN leader in Nigeria, the world attention would focus on them and which would further bring about some level of international scrutiny of their covert activities all around the world through groups and organizations.
    It was also discovered that part of the grand plot is to resort to blackmailing the government by co-opting a part of the media towards painting a picture of unlawful detention of the IMN leader and the refusal of the present administration to honour court rulings.
    The plot also included putting forward a narrative that hinges on supposed falling health of the IMN leader and painting the Nigerian government in a bad light.
    It was also discovered that there had been a grand plot to use unorthodox means to set the IMN leader free, which includes kidnappings of family members of highly placed government functionaries in Kaduna and other parts of Nigeria to be used as a bargaining tool for the release of the IMN leader.
    Given the magnitude of information at the disposal of CESJET on the activities of the IMN in Nigeria, it is sufficing to state that the recent push by adherents of the IMN for the release of their spiritual leader is misplaced and a highly strategic plot to see that the IMN spiritual leader escapes justice.
    The atrocities committed by the IMN in the past forty years in Kaduna and other parts of Nigeria are too weighty to be ignored given the fact that they have indeed carried on as a terrorist organization to overthrow the constituted authorities in Nigeria.
    The trial of the IMN leader has indeed thwarted that plot as he is the only one under the IMN structure that can give orders on operational strategies of the group.
    CESJET from all the pieces of information gathered from the research states that the IMN is indeed a terrorist organization whose main agenda geared towards the destabilization of Nigeria in line with the international terrorist network lead by the Iranian authorities.
    CESJET believes that the agitations for the release of the spiritual leader of the IMN are an attempt towards evading justice and a massive disservice to the victims of the atrocities of the IMN in Nigeria who have been killed.
    CESJET suggests that instead of the violent street protests across the country, the IMN should instead seek state pardon and severe ties with the terrorist network that has been sponsoring its violent activities.
    CESJET also states that the government should stand resolute in seeking justice for victims of the atrocities of the IMN through the ongoing judicial means, and any attempt to fall for the bait mounted through violent street protests to interfere with the legal process would amount to setting a dangerous precedent that would come back to haunt the country in the future.

  • BREAKING: Deputy Commissioner of Police killed in Shiite bloody protest

    BREAKING: Deputy Commissioner of Police killed in Shiite bloody protest

    Information reaching TNG has it that protesting members of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria have shot dead a senior police officer, DCP Umar, who was in charge of Operations at the Federal Capital Territory Police Command.
    Umar was reportedly gunned down as he tried to pacify the rampaging Shi’ite members who disrupted commercial activities and vehicular movement during their protest at the Federal Secretariat, Abuja, today.
    He was immediately taken to an undisclosed hospital where he died.
    The protesters also destroyed vehicles while a Channels Television reporter was also hit by bullets; His identity and condition could not be immediately ascertained.
    A police Inspector said, “The DCP was a very good man. We were at the mosque last Friday when he saw one man looking so haggard. The man told him how he had not been paid for over 14 months because he was unable to complete his IPPIS (Integrated Payroll and Personnel Information.)
    “On hearing that the man was an Inspector, DCP Umar hugged him and immediately made calls to the officers in charge of the platform and the budget office. Today, the Inspector has been directed to come to the IPPIS office for enrollment on the platform. His death is so shocking.”
     
     

  • President Buhari holds security meeting over bloody Shiite protest

    President Buhari holds security meeting over bloody Shiite protest

    Following the clash between the Nigeria Police Force and the Shiites group, President Muhammadu Buhari has called on security chiefs and currently holds a meeting at the presidential villa in Abuja.
    The meeting started at about 4pm on Monday.
    According to reports, the Shiites burnt two operational vehicles belonging to the National Emergency Management Agency NEMA.
    TheNewsGuru, TNG had earlier reported one person was killed in the course of the incident.
    The two vehicles were stationed at NEMA operational office near the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs before they were set ablaze by the Islamic fundamentalists.
    Penultimate Tuesday, July 9, 2019, the members of the Islamic sect invaded the apex legislature and engaged security agents in a fierce battle of supremacy in which many lives and vehicles were destroyed.
    Details soon…
     
     

  • One feared dead as Shiites, police clash in Abuja ( Photos)

    At least one person was feared dead and several injured as Nigerian policemen and a group of Shi’ite Muslim protesters clashed in Abuja on Monday.
    Gunshots rent the area of protest and two vehicles were set ablaze.
    The peaceful protest began from NITEL junction at Wuse Zone 2, with the police mounting a cordon, to prevent a march to the National assembly and Three arms zone.

    Witnesses said the police chased the protesters all over the streets shooting sporadically.
    While the police called the marchers violent, photos published in social media showed that they were peaceful until the police disrupted the protest.

    “There is a violent protest currently ongoing by members of the El-Zakzakky Group in some parts of the FCT – particularly the Central Business District and the Three Arms Zone. The Police are taking adequate measures to bring the situation under control”, the police tweeted.
    The Shiite marchers who belong to the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN) have regularly taken to the streets of Abuja in the last few years calling for the release of their leader, Ibrahim Zakzaky, who has been in detention since December 2015.

    Early this month they took their protest to the National Assembly, where police claimed two of their men were shot. Some vehicles were also burnt.
    Clashes between police and Zakzaky’s supporters have raised fears that IMN may become radicalised – just as the Sunni Muslim militant group Boko Haram turned violent in 2009 after police killed their leader.
    Lawyer to El-Zakzaky, Mr Femi Falana recently warned President Buhari that the nation risks another insurgency, should the religious leader and his wife Zeenat die in detention.

  • Bloody Shiite protest: Avoid CBD, Three Arms Zone police warn citizens in Abuja

    The Nigeria Police Force has on Monday issued a warning to the citizens to stay off the Central Business District and the Three Arms Zone as a result of the ongoing violent protest by members of the El-Zakzakky Group in some parts of the FCT.
    PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT
    There is a violent protest currently ongoing by members of the El-Zakzakky Group in some parts of the FCT – particularly the Central Business District and the Three Arms Zone. The Police are taking adequate measures to bring the situation under control.
    Citizens are advised to remain calm and avoid the affected areas in the interim. The Police will keep the public abreast with further development.
    DCP FRANK MBA
    Force Public Relations Officer
    Force Headquarters
    Abuja

  • BREAKING: Channels TV reporter shot, 2 NEMA vehicles burnt as Shiite, police clash in Abuja

    Many people were injured in a violent clash between the members of the Islamic Movement of Nigeria (IMN), popularly known as Shiite, and the police on Monday.
    We can confirm that a journalist with Channels TV was among the victims as he was shot and rushed to the hospital.


    Also, the Shittes members burnt down two operational vehicles belonging to the National Emergency Management Agency NEMA.
    TheNewsGuru, TNG had earlier reported that there was sporadic shooting at the National Assembly and Federal Secretariat complex in the afternoon of the same day as unknown persons clashed with some security agents manning these two national institutions.
    The two vehicles were stationed at NEMA operational office near the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs before they were set ablaze by the Islamic fundamentalists.
    Penultimate Tuesday, July 9, 2019, the members of the Islamic sect invaded the apex legislature and engaged security agents in a fierce battle of supremacy in which many lives and vehicles were destroyed.
    It is not immediately clear if there were some arrests made by security agents at the Federal Secretariat complex where the two vehicles were burnt.